This is a Digital Book published by the Global Policy Journal and the Observer Research Foundation jointly as part of the GP-ORF Series. Read the book on the Observer Research Foundation website through this link - https://www.orfonline.org/research/the-arctic-at-a-crossroads-the-making-of-a-new-frontier
The Indian space programme has taken a turn in 2020 when Modi’s government approved a series of measures to boost the sector and expand its industrial base. Now, with increased investment in the defence realm and the project of a national space station, New Delhi aims at becoming a
India’s space ambitions need more than vision—they need hard data. A secure, indigenous space econometrics system is key to safeguarding growth. The term ‘space economy’ was first introduced in the Union Budget speech of 2022, owing to its growing popularity in India. Given the strong indicators in favour
Pakistan’s wild claim that India muzzled global satellites after Operation Sindoor has backfired. In a world where nothing in space escapes scrutiny, Rawalpindi’s hoaxes only deepen its international embarrassment and expose its fading credibility. The enormous magnitude of India’s swift Operation Sindoor has made strategic analysts worldwide
This policy brief explores pathways for India and Europe to elevate their long-standing but underutilized space cooperation into a structured partnership. It argues that converging political, economic, and security interests ranging from human spaceflight and the India-Middle East-Europe Corridor to resilient satellite communications and space situational awareness make collaboration both
As fragile states embrace satellite internet, digital connectivity risks turning from a tool of progress into a new form of colonisation. The global satellite communications sector is projected to grow at a rate of 4 per cent from US$133 billion in 2023 to reach US$218 billion by 2035.
Pakistan’s sabre-rattling from DC shows that without strategic autonomy, India's Space startups, bound to overseas partners, risk eroding the very independence the programme was built to protect. India has had big plans for its space programme over the past five years. The Indian government implemented space reforms,
India’s Bharat 6G vision, if aligned with global telecom and maritime standards, can be a game-changer in enabling autonomous, connected ships and securing India’s leadership in the oceanic digital future Telecommunications networks are integral to modern maritime operations, aiding safety, security, sustainability and efficiency. In deep oceans, connectivity
The space economy is central to India’s global connectivity aspirations, and Mumbai is integral to this equation. Since the Indian government’s 2020 space sector reforms and the subsequent National Space Policy 2023, the state governments of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, and Gujarat have drafted their respective
The United Nations India and O.P. Jindal University had invited me to speak on ethics of artificial intelligence, as these two institutions were exploring pluri-perspectives on it during the summer of 2021. I did what was told, offered them a perspective of an Indian natural scientist. Sharing my excerpts
As global powers race for space autonomy, the US faces hard lessons—balancing monopolies, budgets, and its own vulnerability in a shifting cosmos. The game of tariffs, cancellations, and sanctions has reached its climax in Washington, where the chickens have come home to roost. Today, commercial space companies and financiers
By fast-tracking Starlink’s entry, Bangladesh’s government has opened the door to a potential satellite-driven conflict in a region already fraught with poverty Under the leadership of the Chief Advisor to the Interim Government, Mohammad Yunus, Bangladesh has taken concerted steps to operationalise Starlink. On 20 May 2025, Faiz